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Small Claims

Small-scale Claims
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Ofttimes Asked Questions
How Small Claims Court Works (JDP-CV-45)
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Where to File Small Claims and Small-scale Claims Housing Matters- Small Claims Court Facility by Town (pre-10/xvi/17)
Where to File Pocket-size Claims and Small Claims Housing Matters (effective 10/16/17)

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General Questions

What is Pocket-sized Claims Court?
What cases belong in Modest Claims Court?
What cases do non belong in Minor Claims Courtroom?
How long exercise I have to start a small claims example? (Called the Statute of Limitations)
Tin an out-of-state private or business concern file a claim in Connecticut?
How do I start a small-scale claims case?
How much does it cost to start a small claims case?
Where exercise I go to file a small claims instance?

Suing Different Types of Defendants

How practice I find out if the defendant is a corporation, express liability company (LLC), a partnership or a DBA (doing business every bit)?
Do I have to use the defendant'south full name?
What if the defendant resides out of the country of Connecticut?
What do I do if I desire to sue an out-of-state business entity?

Filing Fees, Court Papers and Court Dates

Fill out Small Claims Writ and Notice of Suit (grade JD-CV-xl) - Slidecast
Fill out Statement of Service (Delivery) Small Claims (form JD-CV-123) - Slidecast
How do I serve (deliver) a small claims case on the defendant(s)?
What happens subsequently the respond date has passed?
When is a military affirmation virtually the defendant required to go a judgment?
Where can I go more than information?

Accused'south Options

What do I do if I am sued in a pocket-size claims case and desire to defend myself?
When should I file a counterclaim?

Your 24-hour interval in Courtroom

Can I have a jury trial?
Are small claims cases decided by judges?
What is an ODR settlement briefing?

Judgment and Mail Judgment Activeness

How do I collect coin if I win my example?
Tin can I appeal the decision?
Could a small claims judgment against me (the defendant/ judgment debtor) impact my credit rating or appear on my credit report?
When may a judgment lien be placed on existent holding (real estate)?
Must I tell the court when the judgment owed to me is paid in full?

Small-scale Claims Case Lookup

How tin can I discover out information about a small claims case?
What information can I look upwardly on a small claims matter?

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General Questions

one. What is Minor Claims Courtroom?

Small Claims Court is a office of Connecticut'due south courtroom system where a person tin sue for money amercement only up to $5,000.00. That corporeality is set by country police force and may change from time to time. You may also be able to become interest and costs. You may exist able to get more than than $5,000.00 if you are suing for the render of security deposit. When a tenant (renter) of a residential real estate holding sues a landlord to get back a wrongfully withheld security eolith, the tenant may exist awarded twice the amount of the security deposit fifty-fifty if the full amount of damages and costs, combined, is greater than $5,000.00. See sections 51-15 (d) and 47a-21 of the Connecticut General Statutes.
You do not need an attorney.
Pocket-sized claims cases are mostly heard and decided by Magistrates, who are lawyers appointed past the Chief Court Administrator. For more information, see section 51-193l of the Connecticut General Statutes. Small Claims cases may likewise exist heard by judges or judge trial referees. You may see magistrates or judges referred to equally "judicial regime."
Simple rules of prove use, instead of complex rules.
There is no transcript of the trial; information technology is non recorded.
There is no correct to appeal the determination.

2. What cases vest in Small Claims Court?

dorsum rent;
render of security deposit;
broken or damaged property;
unpaid claims;
motor vehicle accidents;
breach of a written or verbal contract;
doctor/hospital bills for medical treatment;
other claims request for $5,000.00 or less.

three. What cases do non belong in Minor Claims Court?

libel or slander;
damage to your reputation;
name calling;
whatsoever claims asking for more than $v,000.00 (see #1, to a higher place, for explanation of cases in which the plaintiff may be awarded more than $5,000.00).

4. How long practice I have to start a small claims example? (Called the Statute of Limitations)

five. Can an out-of-land individual or concern file a claim in Connecticut?

Yes. However, the individual or business may be required to nourish court hearings if the defendant contests any of the proceedings or if the courtroom determines that the business or individual's presence is necessary.

vi. How do I outset a small claims case?

Use the court grade Modest Claims Writ and Find of Suit (grade JD-CV-twoscore). Type or neatly print your information on the forms. Read the "Instructions to Plaintiff" section on form JD-CV-40 to help y'all complete the Small-scale Claims Writ and Notice of Accommodate. For more information, view the How-To Program for filling out Small Claims Writ and Notice of Suit (JD-CV-forty).
Forms are available online or in any court location that handles small claims cases. For data on the court location that handles pocket-size claims matters for your town and the address and telephone number of the court see Where to File Small Claims Matters.
The person starting the instance is called the plaintiff; the person being sued is chosen the defendant. After the case is decided, the person who is awarded money is called the "judgment creditor" and the person who is ordered to pay the money is called the "judgment debtor."
If there are more plaintiffs or defendants than volition fit on the Small Claims Writ and Discover of Adjust (form JD-CV-40), you must make full out and adhere the Continuation of Parties (form JD-CV-67) to the Small-scale Claims Writ and Notice of Adapt.
Your signature must exist notarized. Your signature may be notarized by the Court Clerk, a Notary Public, or a Commissioner of the Superior Court (any Connecticut attorney). In order to have your signature notarized, you must sign the Modest Claims Writ and Notice of Suit (form JD-CV-40) in forepart of the person who is notarizing information technology. You must also clearly impress your name clearly and title, if you lot have a title, in the box provided. Your oath must be taken at the time you sign the form and the person who took your adjuration (the Clerk, a Notary, or a Commissioner of the Superior Court) must also sign it.

7. How much does it cost to kickoff a small claims case?

There is a $95.00 entry (filing) fee.
You lot must pay the Court Clerk with cash, or with a check or coin order made out to "Clerk of the Superior Court." If you pay in person, you lot may also pay by MasterCard or Visa.
If you hand-deliver the claim to the court, and you programme to pay with a personal check, bring a valid state issued photo I.D., your photo driver'southward license; U.Due south. passport; or Military I.D.
If you win your case, the entry fee and your costs of service volition be added to the judgment confronting the defendant.

8. Where practise I go to file a small claims case?

Minor Claims cases must be filed in a venue (court) designated by the Chief Court Ambassador.
If yous are an Individual Plaintiff, you may file in the court treatment small claims matters for the urban center or town: (a) where you live, (b) where the defendant lives or where the accused's business is located, or (c) where the transaction or injury occurred.
If y'all are a Business Entity, including a domestic or United States corporation or a limited liability company, you may file in the court handling pocket-size claims matters for the city or town: (a) where the accused lives, (b) where the defendant is doing business, or (c) where the transaction or injury occurred.
For information on the court location that handles small claims matters for your town and the address and telephone number of the court run across Where to File Small-scale Claims Matters.
For landlord-tenant matters, yous must file in the housing session where the holding is located, if one exists. If there is no housing session for the location where the holding is located, you must file in the judicial commune where the property is located. To determine where you should file your cases, see Housing Matters - Where to File.
If you wish to file your case or other documents electronically, y'all must sign-up for Judicial Branch E-Services. Click here for more information on Due east-Services.

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Suing Different Types of Defendants

9. How do I find out if the defendant is a corporation, limited liability company (LLC), a partnership or a DBA (doing business as)?

Call the Secretarial assistant of the State at 860-509-6002 to find out if it is a corporation or an LLC and to get its address.
If the defendant is not a corporation or LLC, and is a DBA (doing business organisation as) or uses a trade proper noun, contact the boondocks clerk'southward part where the company is located to get the name of the business owner.

x. Do I accept to use the accused's full name?

Yes. Use the exact, complete proper name of the person or business.
If you lot leave out any office of the name, yous may not be able to collect your money if you win the case.
Exercise non abbreviate any part of the name.

eleven. What if the accused resides out of the state of Connecticut?

Yous may file against the out-of-land resident just if he or she owns property in Connecticut.
A statement indicating that the out-of-state individual owns property in Connecticut must be included in the claim.

12. What do I do if I desire to sue an out-of-state business entity?

Start you must find out if the business entity has an agent for service in Connecticut by contacting the Secretary of the Land at 860-509-6002.
You lot must employ a proper officer (for example a land marshal) to serve (deliver) the Pocket-sized Claims Writ and Find of Suit (form JD-CV-40) on an out-of-state business entity. Meet List of state marshals.

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Filing Fees, Court Papers and Courtroom Dates

13. Fill out Small Claims Writ and Notice of Suit (formJD-CV-40) - Slidecast

fourteen. Fill out Statement of Service (Commitment) Pocket-sized Claims (form JD-CV-123) - Slidecast

15. How do I serve (deliver) a small claims case on the defendant(s)?

Unless you are hiring a proper officeholder (for instance a state marshal) to serve (deliver) the Small Claims Writ and Notice of Suit (Writ) (course JD-CV-40) for you, you must deliver a copy of the completed original Writ to each accused with the Instructions to Accused (form JD-CV-121) before filing those documents with the court. See a description of adequate commitment methods in the second part of this answer. You must deliver to each defendant a copy of all the documents yous want to file with the courtroom. In other words, all attachments to the original Writ must be delivered. Later all of those documents have been delivered, complete a Statement of Service (Delivery) Small Claims (Statement of Service) (form JD-CV-123), which explains to the court how you lot had the Writ delivered to each defendant that yous served. Then, file the original Writ and Statement of Service for each defendant, along with copies of any exhibits or attachments, and the correct entry (filing) fee. Keep a re-create of all documents for your records, along with the originals of whatever exhibits or attachments. For more information on the Statement of Service (class JD-CV-123), encounter the following: How-To Program to fill out Statement of Service (Delivery) Modest Claims (grade JD-123).
The plaintiff, or his or her representative, must serve (evangelize) the Small Claims Writ and Observe of Suit separately on each defendant using 1 of the 4 methods listed below, except that for each defendant who is an out-of-state entity (a business organized under the laws of a state other than Connecticut), the plaintiff must pay a proper officer (for example, a country marshal) to serve the defendant as described in number four. There are special requirements for service on (commitment to) out-of-state insurance companies. The requirements are in Chapter 697, Title 38a of the Connecticut General Statutes and yous may detect information on the Connecticut Insurance Department website.
1. Past priority mail with commitment confirmation: make full out a Small Claims Writ and Notice of Conform (Writ) (class JD-CV-40) and attach copies of any related documents you want to file with the Writ; keep the original Writ and documents and mail a re-create of the Writ and documents, and the Instructions to Defendant (grade JD-CV-121) to each accused. When you have the delivery confirmation(south), complete a Statement of Service (Delivery) Small Claim (Statement of Service) (form JD-CV-123) for each defendant you lot take served. Then, file the original Writ, Argument of Service and delivery confirmation for each defendant, along with copies of any exhibits or attachments, and the right entry (filing) fee.
2. By certified mail, return receipt requested: fill out a Pocket-sized Claims Writ and Notice of Conform (Writ) (grade JD-CV-40) and attach copies of any related documents you lot want to file with the Writ; keep the original Writ and documents and mail a copy of the Writ and documents, and the Instructions to Defendant (form JD-CV-121) to each accused. When yous receive the signed return receipt(s), complete a Statement of Service (Delivery) Small Claims (Statement of Service) (form JD-CV-123) for each defendant yous have served. And so, file the original Writ, Argument of Service and signed return receipt(s) (green carte du jour) for each defendant with the court, along with copies of any exhibits or attachments, and the correct entry (filing) fee.
3. By a nationally recognized courier service providing delivery confirmation: fill out a Minor Claims Writ and Notice of Suit (Writ) (grade JD-CV-40) and attach copies of any related documents you want to file with the Writ; keep the original Writ and documents and have a re-create of the Writ and documents, and the Instructions to Defendant (grade JD-CV-121) delivered to each accused. When you receive the tracking information showing delivery, consummate a Argument of Service (Delivery) Small Claims (Argument of Service) (grade JD-CV-123) for each accused you have served. Then, file the original Writ, Statement of Service and the delivery confirmation for each accused with the courtroom, along with copies of any exhibits or attachments, and the correct entry (filing) fee.
4. By a proper officer, for case, a marshal: fill out a Small Claims Writ and Notice of Suit (Writ) (grade JD-CV-40) and attach copies of any related documents yous desire to file with the Writ; keep a copy of the Writ and the originals of other documents; give the original Writ with fastened documents, and the Instructions to Defendant (form JD-CV-121) to the officer to serve (deliver); after the officer serves (delivers) the Small Claims Writ and Observe of Adapt, he or she volition file the original Writ and documents with the courtroom along with his or her return of service (a written statement describing how the writ was served).
The Small Claims Writ and Notice of Suit (course JD-CV-twoscore) must exist returned to the court not later than ane month after the date of service.
When the clerk receives the Small Claims Writ and Notice of Suit (form JD-CV-40) the clerk will set an answer date (date by which the defendant(southward) must reply to the complaint) and will transport a find to all plaintiffs or their representatives of the docket (case) number and answer date. The clerk will too transport an reply class that includes the docket number and answer date to each defendant at the address provided by the plaintiff.

16. What happens later the answer engagement has passed?

Neither party needs to practise anything at this indicate. The file will exist reviewed by a magistrate who volition decide if a decision can be made without a trial or if the case needs to be scheduled for a trial.

17. When is a military affidavit nigh the accused required to become a judgment?

If the accused in your case is a person, yous must say, nether oath, whether the defendant is or is not in the military or naval service and how you know that. You volition non be able to get a determination confronting a accused who has non filed an answer unless you file an affidavit (a paper signed nether adjuration) with the court that states facts showing that the defendant is not in the armed forces or naval service.
You tin can find out if defendant is in the armed services or naval service from the U.Southward. Department of Defense - Defense Manpower Information Eye by using the following website if you lot accept the first and final name of the person and the person'due south date of birth or the person's social security number. The website is: https://scra.dmdc.osd.mil/. This web address must exist typed exactly, including the "s" after the http. Yous may go a warning stating that there is a problem with this website's security document. This website is hosted past the U.S. Section of Defense.
If y'all do not know the defendant's date of birth or social security number, you will have to detect out the defendant's war machine status past asking a person who knows the defendant well to fill out an affidavit (written statement under adjuration), or by giving the place of the accused's full fourth dimension employment in an affidavit of your own. For the affidavit, you can use court form Affirmation Concerning Military machine Service (form JD-FM-178).

18. Where can I become more information?

Review the PDF booklet, How Small Claims Works (class JDP-CV-45), which is likewise available in printed form in every clerk's role that handles small claims cases and in the Court Service Centers. From time to time data in this booklet may change, such equally fees, court locations and telephone numbers. Please check this website or contact the clerk'due south part to be sure that you have the most current data about fees, court locations and phone numbers.
Ask the court clerk for information. The clerk tin can requite yous information. The clerk cannot requite you lot legal advice.
Talk to an attorney. Check an internet search engine, the Yellowish Pages or phone call your local Lawyer Referral Service (run past the local Bar Clan). If you are a depression income individual, The Statewide Legal Services of Connecticut, Inc. may exist able to aid you. Their toll free number is 800-453-3320.
Legal Clinics may also provide an opportunity to discuss your case with an chaser. Information may exist plant at the Judicial Branch's Legal Clinics and Help page.
Additional information on finding legal help is available on the Observe Legal Help page.

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Defendant's Options

19. What do I do if I am sued in a small claims case and want to defend myself?

File an answer on or before the answer date. The answer date will appear on the Answer form sent to y'all past the court. Fill up out the Answer form and return it by post, fax or manus delivery to the clerk. Send a copy to each chaser or other representative of the plaintiff, or if the plaintiff is representing himself or herself, to the plaintiff and fill out the certification that you lot take done so.
If you lot disagree with the claim or the amount of coin, check the box that says you disagree and explain briefly in writing why you believe yous do non owe the money.
Adhere copies of whatever documents that support your claim. For example, you can attach receipts, letters, contracts or leases. Be sure that the documents you are filing do not contain personal identifying information, such every bit a social security number, credit card account number, bank account number or date of nascence. You should to omit, remove (redact), or black-out personal identifying information before filing any certificate unless the information is required past law or courtroom guild.
You lot may also file a motion to transfer the case to the regular court docket, by completing a Small Claims - Motion to Transfer to the Regular Docket (form JD-CV-158). The move must exist filed according to the Connecticut Do Volume in society to exist granted. Encounter section 24-21 of the Connecticut Exercise Book. The fee is $125.00.
If you wish to file your respond or other documents electronically, you must sign-up for Judicial Branch Eastward-Services. For more information on due east-filing and E-Services, see E-File in Small Claims Matters.

20. When should I file a counterclaim?

If you want to file a counterclaim, you must do and so on or before the answer date or, if a judgment was entered against yous, when a motion to open judgment is granted.
If you lot think the plaintiff owes you money, you may say so in the counterclaim.
There is a $95.00 filing fee for a counterclaim.
You must pay the courtroom clerk with cash, or with a check or money order made out to "Clerk of the Superior Courtroom." If you pay in person, you may too pay past MasterCard or Visa.
If you lot manus-deliver the counterclaim to the court, and y'all plan to pay with a personal cheque, bring a valid state issued photo I.D., your photograph commuter's license; U.S. passport; or Military I.D.
If you lot wish to file your counterclaim or other documents electronically, y'all must sign-up for Judicial Branch E-Services. Click here for more than information on E-Services.

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Your 24-hour interval in Court

21. Can I have a jury trial?

There are no jury trials in pocket-size claims.
You may, however, request a jury trial if you file a motion to transfer the case to the regular docket. Run into #nineteen above.

22. Are pocket-sized claims cases decided by judges?

23. What is an ODR settlement briefing?

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Judgment and Mail service Judgment Activity

24. How do I collect money if I win my case?

The court does not collect the money for you, but you can asking that the clerk issue an execution. An execution authorizes you to hire a country marshal to attach a judgment debtor's (defendant's) wages, nonexempt personal property or financial institution (banking concern) account. Come across List of land marshals.
Fill out an application for wage, holding or financial establishment execution. Include exemption forms for judgment debtors (defendants) who are natural persons, and file with the court.
The following fillable forms are bachelor on this website.
1. Wage Execution Proceedings - Awarding, Club, Execution (form JD-CV-3)
2. Exemption and Modification Claim Form, Wage Execution (form JD-CV-3a)
3. Belongings Execution Proceedings - Awarding, Order, Execution (form JD-CV-5)
4. Exemption Merits Grade, Belongings Execution (form JD-CV-5b)
5. Fiscal Institution Execution Proceedings - Judgment Debtor Who is a Natural Person, Awarding and Execution (form JD-CV-24)
6. Exemption Claim Class, Financial Institution Execution (form JD-CV-24a)
7. Financial Establishment Execution Proceedings Judgment Debtor Who is Not a Natural Person, Application and Execution (class JD-CV-24N)
An execution authorizes a state marshal to attach the judgment debtor's (defendant'due south) wages, nonexempt personal property or financial institution business relationship. (This does non include real estate.)
There is a $105.00 fee for each application.
You can enforce a judgment upward to 10 years from the date of judgment.
You may also want to review Forms you lot may demand to collect on a Civil Judgment on this website.

25. Can I entreatment the decision?

Yous cannot entreatment a decision in a modest claims court case.

26. Could a small claims judgment against me (the judgment debtor) affect my credit rating or appear on my credit written report?

27. When may a judgment lien exist placed on real belongings (real manor)?

28. Must I tell the court when the judgment owed to me is paid in full?

Yep. This is called a satisfaction of judgment and is a written notice that must be filed with the court when full payment has been made. You must complete a Satisfaction of Judgment (form JD-CV-164) and file it with the courtroom inside 90 days after total payment has been made. See section 24-30 of the Connecticut Do Book.

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Small Claims Case Lookup

29. How tin I find out information almost a pocket-size claims instance?

Pocket-sized Claims case data may exist searched past: party proper noun, docket number, and chaser/firm juris number, among other search options.
Instance data for small claims matters filed with Centralized Small Claims prior to September 1, 2017 that have not been transferred to the small claims docket in a judicial district or housing session and assigned a new docket number are available online through the Centralized Small Claims Example Expect-up.

Case information for pocket-sized claims matters filed on and later on September one, 2017, and whatsoever cases filed prior to that engagement that have been transferred to the small claims docket in a judicial district or housing session are available through the Superior Court Small Claims Case Look-upwardly.
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30. What information can I await up on a small claims matter?

You lot can view information on a pocket-sized claims matter including party names, appearance information, the amount of the claim filed, any judgment entered, a list of activity and documents filed, any scheduled hearing date, and disposition information. Documents in many small claims cases tin can also exist viewed on the public website. For more information, go to the Small Claims Session folio.
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Source: https://jud.ct.gov/faq/smallclaims.html

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